Tokenisation
Tokenised property in plain English: how shares of a building are recorded on a ledger, and what the law says.
Australia's property tokenisation in practice: funds, pilots and gaps
What has been announced or tested in Australia under the label of tokenised property, how each product is built, who it is offered to, and what the published record leaves out.
Tokenised property in Australia: when a token is a financial product
How federal law in Australia classifies a token tied to real estate, what the 2026 digital assets Act requires of platforms from April 2027, and what remains unsettled.
Tokenised property in the DIFC: how the DFSA's Investment Token rules work
Inside the Dubai International Financial Centre, the DFSA treats a token carrying the rights of a security as an Investment Token. What that means, and how its sandbox works.
How tokenised property ownership works in Dubai and who may offer it
Dubai's land registry has run a tokenised title pilot since March 2025. What the official pages say about how it works, who can buy, and which licence a firm needs to offer it.
Issuing a property token in Dubai: VARA's rulebook for issuers
What Dubai's virtual asset regulator asks of a firm that issues or distributes an asset-referenced token: licence, whitepaper, capital, fees, marketing rules and exclusions.
Singapore property tokens: when securities law applies, and what follows
How Singapore's Securities and Futures Act treats a token tied to real estate, what the prospectus exemptions allow, and why the foreign ownership limits still apply.
How real estate is tokenised in Singapore: platforms, tickets and exits
Who has put property behind tokens in Singapore, what each platform says it is licensed for, the minimum tickets quoted, who may invest and how holders are told they can sell.
US tax rules when real estate is paid for in digital assets
How the IRS treats digital assets used to buy or sell US real estate: property rules, basis, the Form 1040 question, and the 2026 changes to Forms 1099-S and 1099-DA.
USA: offering property tokens under Rule 506 and Regulation Crowdfunding
Once a US property token is a security, how is it offered? Rule 506(b), Rule 506(c) and Regulation Crowdfunding: who may buy, how much, which forms are filed and when.
USA: when is a real estate token a security under federal law?
A token tied to a United States building can be a security. The Howey test, the SEC interpretation in force since 23 March 2026 and the exempt offering rules, explained.
USA: reselling a property token under Rule 144 and the one-year rule
A US property token bought in a private or crowdfunding sale cannot simply be sold on. The federal holding periods, the exceptions, the legend and the transfer agent's part.
USA: what a property token holder owns under the SEC's three models
SEC staff sorted tokenised securities into issuer, custodial and synthetic models on 28 January 2026. What each gives a holder, read for a United States real estate interest.
USA: when a tokenised property pool is also an investment company
How the Investment Company Act of 1940 applies to a pooled US real estate vehicle that issues tokens: the 40% test, the real estate exclusion, private funds and the adviser question.
Dubai's VARA sets a minimum scope for reserve audits at licensed firms
A VARA circular of 6 October lists seven points every reserve audit must cover. It applies to all licensed firms in Dubai, the property token platforms among them.